By Energy calculations are used in a variety of applications to calculate the amount of energy used to heat or cool a system or process. Often this information is then used to calculate a total value that is used for billing purposes.
An example of a cooling application where this type of calculation is used are Data Centers. A Data Center is a dedicated space used by a business to house its computer systems and associated components. Large server racks produce a lot of heat while in operation and if the racks are allowed to overheat the entire system fails. This is clearly unacceptable so expensive climate control systems must be installed in Data Centers to prevent overheating.
It is not unusual for a single building (or group of buildings) managed by a single provider to house Data Centers for multiple businesses. In this case, each individual company has its own area within the building that contains their servers. This area is separated from other parts of the building and the company responsible for managing the building treats each section as a self-contained unit. Like apartments in an apartment building, all utilities into the building originate from the same source so to provide accurate billing to their customers, the building management company must be able to calculate the amount of energy being used by each section. In a domestic setting, each apartment has its own meters (fitted after the main incoming supply) that accurately monitor the usage of electricity, water and gas. Similarly, the building management company must fit meters to individual sections to ensure that each section is billed correctly and accurately.
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